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<td class="pageTitle" nowrap="true">Capability Pattern: 分析与设计</td><td width="100%">
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<td valign="top">此功能模式涵盖分析与设计规程的活动和工作流程。</td>
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<td width="10" class="activeTab"><img src="./../../images/shim.gif" width="10" height="17" alt="" title=""></td><td nowrap="nowrap" class="activeTab">Description</td><td width="21"><img src="./../../images/tab_middle-a_i.gif" width="21" height="17" align="absmiddle" alt="" title=""></td><td nowrap="nowrap" class="tab"><a class="tab" id="TAB_WBS" href="./../../rup/capabilitypatterns/analysis_design_49725AC4.html_wbs.html"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Work Breakdown Structure</span></a></td><td width="1"><img src="./../../images/tab_middle-i_i.gif" width="21" height="17" align="absmiddle" alt="" title=""></td><td nowrap="nowrap" class="tab"><a class="tab" id="TAB_TBS" href="./../../rup/capabilitypatterns/analysis_design_49725AC4.html_tbs.html"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Team Allocation</span></a></td><td width="21"><img src="./../../images/tab_middle-i_i.gif" width="21" height="17" align="absmiddle" alt="" title=""></td><td nowrap="nowrap" class="tab"><a class="tab" id="TAB_WPBS" href="./../../rup/capabilitypatterns/analysis_design_49725AC4.html_wpbs.html"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Work Product Usage</span></a></td><td width="21"><img src="./../../images/tab_end-i.gif" width="21" height="17" alt="" title=""></td><td width="50%"><img src="./../../images/shim.gif" width="10" height="17" alt="" title=""></td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">Relationships</div>
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<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Context</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
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<a>NUP2.0 unit</a>
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<div class="sectionHeading">Description</div>
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    在<a class="elementLink" href="./../../rup/customcategories/inception_D506BCB4.html" guid="_vyZOwCVuEdqSZ9OimJ-AzA">先启</a>阶段，分析和设计与确定系统是否如想象那样可行有关，并与评估解决方案的潜在技术（在<a class="elementLinkWithType" href="./../../rup/capabilitypatterns/perform_architectural_synthesis_B63930B9.html" guid="{C67C8E56-D9B6-499C-8171-C153FB28F1C3}">Activity: 执行架构合成</a>中）有关。如果感觉开发几乎涉及不到风险（例如，由于较好地理解域，系统不是新系统等），则可省略此活动。
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    <a class="elementLink" href="./../../rup/customcategories/elaboration_6A203A50.html" guid="_-kFhcCVuEdqSZ9OimJ-AzA">精化</a>阶段早期注重于为系统创建初始架构（<a class="elementLinkWithType" href="./../../rup/capabilitypatterns/define_a_candidate_architecture_A3651DA3.html" guid="{71ADFE9A-34A0-41BD-8A17-BEA3210E2BBD}">Activity: 定义候选架构</a>），以提供主要分析工作的起点。如果架构已存在（可能由于在先前的迭代或先前的项目中已生成架构，或由于从应用程序框架中获取了架构），工作的重点则转为优化架构（<a class="elementLinkWithType" href="./../../rup/capabilitypatterns/refine_the_architecture_F40FA195.html" guid="{F2160C54-F666-4736-9982-FC7F58F15FAD}">Activity: 优化架构</a>）。创建一组初始元素，使用这些元素来提供适当的行为（<a class="elementLinkWithType" href="./../../rup/capabilitypatterns/analyze_behavior_59C89065.html" guid="{DAFB461E-9ADB-4849-8285-B7E3E72BDB43}">Activity: 分析行为</a>）。
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<p>
    确定初始元素后，进一步改进这些元素。<a class="elementLinkWithType" href="./../../rup/capabilitypatterns/design_components_13B33BFC.html" guid="{9C683674-97C1-4AEE-8DB0-9514AEFF698E}">Activity: 设计组件</a>将生成一组组件，这些组件提供适当的行为来满足系统中的需求。如果系统包括数据库，则同时进行<a class="elementLinkWithType" href="./../../rup/capabilitypatterns/design_the_database_2BE59DB0.html" guid="{FB3EB753-A979-4849-B57B-97F39271F82B}">Activity: 设计数据库</a>。结果将得到一组初始组件，这些组件在<a class="elementLinkWithType" href="./../../rup/capabilitypatterns/implementation_8FF0AAD4.html" guid="{F2AD342D-0F3B-4E19-A351-75ECDCB806F5}">Capability Pattern: 实现</a>中进一步优化。
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<div class="sectionHeading">Properties</div>
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<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row" id="property_Event Driven" abbr="Event Driven">Event Driven</th><td class="sectionTableCell" align="left" headers="property_Event Driven"><img width="20" height="15" alt="" title="" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
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<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row" id="property_Multiple Occurrences" abbr="Multiple Occurrences">Multiple Occurrences</th><td class="sectionTableCell" align="left" headers="property_Multiple Occurrences"><img width="20" height="15" alt="" title="" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
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<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row" id="property_Ongoing" abbr="Ongoing">Ongoing</th><td class="sectionTableCell" align="left" headers="property_Ongoing"><img width="20" height="15" alt="" title="" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
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<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row" id="property_Optional" abbr="Optional">Optional</th><td class="sectionTableCell" align="left" headers="property_Optional"><img width="20" height="15" alt="" title="" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
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<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row" id="property_Planned" abbr="Planned">Planned</th><td class="sectionTableCell" align="left" headers="property_Planned"><img width="20" height="15" alt="" title="" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
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<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row" id="property_Repeatable" abbr="Repeatable">Repeatable</th><td class="sectionTableCell" align="left" headers="property_Repeatable"><img width="20" height="15" alt="" title="" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">Usage</div>
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<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row" id="property_Usage Notes" abbr="Usage Notes">Usage Notes</th><td class="sectionTableCell" headers="property_Usage Notes"><h4>
    决定如何执行工作流程
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<p>
    应就分析与设计规程的工作流程做出以下决策：
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<ul>
    <li>
        查看此工作流程中的活动，然后决定如何执行工作流程。研究图及其<a class="elementLink" href="./../../rup/guidances/termdefinitions/guard_condition_E3068D2.html" guid="_yJ5m89nmEdmO6L4XMImrsA">警戒条件（guard condition）</a>，以及指南。决定要执行哪些活动并以何顺序执行。&nbsp;
    </li>
    <li>
        决定要执行分析与设计活动的哪些部分。 以下几部分可相对独立于剩余部分而引入。
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    <table     style="BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(128,128,128) 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: rgb(128,128,128) 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(128,128,128) 1px solid; BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(128,128,128) 1px solid"      cellspacing="0" bordercolordark="#808080" cellpadding="4" width="85%" bordercolorlight="#808080" border="1">
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                        工作流程的部分
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                <th scope="col" align="middle" width="77%">
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                        注释
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                    用户界面设计
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                <td width="75%">
                    有些项目决定不设计用户界面。一个原因可能是用户界面易于开发。 如果您决定不进行用户界面设计，则意味着您不开发导航图和用户界面原型。&nbsp;
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                    数据库设计
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                <td width="77%">
                    只在实体将要存储在数据库中的情况下使用。如果您决定不进行数据库设计，则意味着您不开发任何数据模型。&nbsp;
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                <td width="23%">
                    实时，使用 Rational Rose RealTime
                </td>
                <td width="77%">
                    如果您决定不这样做，则意味着您不开发诸如封装体和协议之类的工件。
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<ul>
    <li>
        决定在项目生命周期内何时引入工作流程的每个部分。有时可以一直等到精化阶段，才开始引入分析与设计规程。
        例如，如果进行开发的领域已得到很好的理解，且开发工作没有过高的性能需求（或其他非功能性需求），并将以经过认真试验的架构为基础，那么在先启阶段构造原型的需要将很小。
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<div class="sectionHeading">More Information</div>
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<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Guidelines</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
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<li>
<a href="./../../rup/guidances/guidelines/important_decisions_in_analysis_design_52062184.html" guid="4.63625392176695E-305">分析与设计中的重要决策 </a>
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